Recently, significant advances in our understanding of the formation of granulomas in both infectious and noninfectious granulomatous lung disease have occurred. This symposium brings together world-class immunologists (including those from the NIH) to discuss these advances. The symposium will bring together scientist investigating both infectious and noninfectious granulomatous lung diseases to delineate common themes. In addition, it addresses gene-environment interactions, which is the science core for this ATS meeting.