Management of non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB) and prevention of exacerbations remains challenging because of a paucity of evidence-based management strategies. There have been recent advances in strategies to manage bacterial infections such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) remains substantially more complex. The session will review our current knowledge of microbiome and colonizing bacteria, existing and evolving therapies, results from recent global phase 3 trials of inhaled antibiotics for NCFB.